Photovoltaic off-grid inverter

Chiyambi cha Zamalonda
PV off-grid inverter ndi chipangizo chosinthira mphamvu chomwe chimakankhira-kukoka kumawonjezera mphamvu ya DC ndikuyitembenuza kukhala mphamvu ya 220V AC kudzera paukadaulo wa inverter mlatho SPWM sinusoidal pulse wide modulation technology.
Monga ma inverters olumikizidwa ndi gridi, ma inverters a PV off-grid amafunikira kuchita bwino kwambiri, kudalirika kwakukulu, komanso ma voliyumu osiyanasiyana a DC; mu machitidwe amphamvu a PV apakati ndi akuluakulu, kutuluka kwa inverter kuyenera kukhala sinusoidal wave ndi kupotoza kochepa.

Magwiridwe ndi Mawonekedwe
1. 16-bit microcontroller kapena 32-bit DSP microprocessor imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'anira.
2．PWM control mode, imathandizira kwambiri magwiridwe antchito.
3. Gwiritsani ntchito digito kapena LCD kuti muwonetse magawo osiyanasiyana ogwiritsira ntchito, ndipo mutha kukhazikitsa magawo ofunikira.
4. Square wave, modified wave, sine wave output. Kutulutsa kwa Sine wave, kupotoza kwa waveform ndikochepera 5%.
5. Kukhazikika kwamagetsi apamwamba, pansi pa katundu wovoteledwa, kulondola kwa zotsatira nthawi zambiri kumakhala kochepa kuposa kuphatikizira kapena kuchotsera 3%.
6. Pang'onopang'ono kuyamba ntchito kupewa mkulu mphamvu panopa pa batire ndi katundu.
7. Kudzipatula kwapadera kwa thiransifoma pafupipafupi, kukula kochepa ndi kulemera kopepuka.
8. Okonzeka ndi muyezo RS232/485 kulankhulana mawonekedwe, yabwino kulamulira kutali kulankhulana.
9. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamalo opitilira 5500 metres pamwamba pa nyanja.
10, Ndi chitetezo cholumikizira cha reverse, chitetezo cha undervoltage, chitetezo cha overvoltage, chitetezo chowonjezera, chitetezo chowonjezera, chitetezo chotulutsa, chitetezo chafupipafupi, chitetezo chambiri ndi ntchito zina zoteteza.

Zofunikira zaukadaulo za off-grid inverters
Posankha off-gridi inverter, pambali kulabadira linanena bungwe waveform ndi kudzipatula mtundu wa inverter, pali angapo luso magawo amenenso ndi zofunika kwambiri, monga voteji dongosolo, mphamvu linanena bungwe, nsonga mphamvu, kutembenuka dzuwa, kusintha nthawi, etc. Kusankhidwa kwa magawowa kumakhudza kwambiri kufunika kwa magetsi a katundu.
1) Mphamvu yamagetsi:
Ndi mphamvu ya batire paketi. Magetsi olowera a off-grid inverter ndi ma voliyumu otulutsa a controller ndi ofanana, kotero popanga ndi kusankha chitsanzo, samalani kuti mukhale chimodzimodzi ndi wowongolera.
2) Mphamvu zotulutsa:
Off-grid inverter linanena bungwe mphamvu mawu ali mitundu iwiri, mmodzi ndi zikuoneka mphamvu mawu, unit ndi VA, ichi ndi Buku UPS chizindikiro, kwenikweni linanena bungwe yogwira mphamvu ayeneranso kuchulukitsa mphamvu chinthu, monga 500VA off-gulu inverter, mphamvu ndi 0,8, leni linanena bungwe yogwira mphamvu ndi 400W, ndiko kunena, monga 0,00W mu electric zounikira, 40W, mwachitsanzo, akhoza kukaniza magetsi, 40W. ndi zina; yachiwiri ndi yogwira mphamvu mawu, unit ndi W, monga 5000W off-gridi inverter, linanena bungwe mphamvu yogwira ndi 5000W.
3) Mphamvu yapamwamba:
Mu PV off-gridi dongosolo, ma modules, mabatire, inverters, katundu kupanga dongosolo magetsi, inverter linanena bungwe mphamvu, anatsimikiza ndi katundu, katundu ena inductive, monga zoziziritsa kukhosi, mapampu, etc., galimoto mkati, mphamvu poyambira ndi 3-5 nthawi mphamvu oveteredwa, kotero off-gridi inverter ali ndi zofunika zapadera zochulukira. Mphamvu yapamwamba ndi kuchuluka kwamphamvu kwa off-grid inverter.
Inverter imapereka mphamvu zoyambira katundu, mbali imodzi kuchokera ku batri kapena PV module, ndipo zowonjezera zimaperekedwa ndi zigawo zosungiramo mphamvu mkati mwa inverter - capacitors ndi inductors. Ma capacitors ndi inductors ndi zigawo zonse zosungiramo mphamvu, koma kusiyana kwake ndikuti ma capacitors amasungira mphamvu zamagetsi mu mawonekedwe a magetsi, ndipo mphamvu yaikulu ya capacitor, mphamvu yowonjezera imatha kusunga. Ma inductors, kumbali ina, amasunga mphamvu mu mawonekedwe a maginito. Kuchuluka kwa maginito a inductance pachimake, kumapangitsa kuti inductance ipitirire, komanso mphamvu zambiri zomwe zingathe kusungidwa.
4) Kutembenuka mtima:
Kuthekera kwa kutembenuka kwa gridi kumaphatikizapo mbali ziwiri, imodzi ndiyo kuyendetsa bwino kwa makinawo, makina osinthika a gridi ndizovuta, kuti adutse kutembenuka kwamagawo angapo, kotero kuti magwiridwe antchito onse ndi otsika pang'ono kuposa inverter yolumikizidwa ndi gululi, nthawi zambiri pakati pa 80-90%, mphamvu yayikulu ya makina osinthira makina, kuthamanga kwapang'onopang'ono ndikokwera kwambiri, kudzipatula kwapamwamba kwambiri kuposa kusefera pafupipafupi. Chachiwiri, mphamvu ya batire kulipiritsa ndi kutulutsa, uwu ndi mtundu wa batire ali ndi ubale, pamene photovoltaic mphamvu m'badwo ndi katundu kalunzanitsidwe mphamvu, photovoltaic akhoza mwachindunji kupereka katundu ntchito, popanda kufunika kudutsa batire kutembenuka.
5) Kusintha nthawi:
Off-grid system ndi katundu, pali PV, batire, zofunikira njira zitatu, pamene mphamvu ya batire ili yosakwanira, sinthani ku mawonekedwe ogwiritsira ntchito, pali nthawi yosinthira, ma inverters ena opanda grid amagwiritsa ntchito kusintha kwamagetsi, nthawi mkati mwa 10 milliseconds, makompyuta apakompyuta sangatseke, kuyatsa sikudzagwedezeka. Ma inverter ena opanda gridi amagwiritsa ntchito relay switching, nthawi imatha kupitilira 20 milliseconds, ndipo kompyuta yapakompyuta ikhoza kutseka kapena kuyambitsanso.