Inverter ya Photovoltaic off-grid

Chiyambi cha Zamalonda
Chosinthira magetsi cha PV chopanda gridi ndi chipangizo chosinthira magetsi chomwe chimakankhira-kukoka mphamvu yowonjezera ya DC kenako nkuchisintha kukhala mphamvu ya 220V AC kudzera muukadaulo wa inverter bridge SPWM sinusoidal pulse width modulation.
Monga ma inverter olumikizidwa ndi gridi, ma inverter a PV omwe sali pa gridi amafunika kugwira ntchito bwino kwambiri, kudalirika kwambiri, komanso magetsi osiyanasiyana a DC input; mu makina amphamvu a PV apakati ndi akulu, kutulutsa kwa inverter kuyenera kukhala mafunde a sinusoidal okhala ndi kupotoza kochepa.

Magwiridwe antchito ndi zinthu zina
1. Chida chowongolera cha 16-bit kapena 32-bit DSP microprocessor chimagwiritsidwa ntchito powongolera.
2.PWM control mode, imasintha kwambiri magwiridwe antchito.
3. Adopt digito kapena LCD kuti iwonetse magawo osiyanasiyana ogwirira ntchito, ndipo ikhoza kukhazikitsa magawo oyenera.
4. Mafunde a sikweya, mafunde osinthidwa, mafunde a sine. Mafunde a sine, kuchuluka kwa mafunde osokonekera ndi ochepera 5%.
5. Kulondola kwa kukhazikika kwa magetsi ambiri, komwe kumakhala kotsika mtengo, kulondola kwa kutulutsa nthawi zambiri kumakhala kochepera 3%.
6. Kuyambitsa pang'onopang'ono kuti mupewe kukhudzidwa kwambiri ndi batri ndi katundu.
7. Kupatula transformer ya pafupipafupi kwambiri, kukula kochepa komanso kulemera kopepuka.
8. Yokhala ndi mawonekedwe olumikizirana a RS232/485, osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito polumikizirana patali.
9. Ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pamalo opitilira mamita 5500 pamwamba pa nyanja.
10, Ndi chitetezo cholumikizira cholowera kumbuyo, chitetezo cholowera pansi pa mphamvu, chitetezo cholowera pamwamba pa mphamvu, chitetezo chotulutsa pamwamba pa mphamvu, chitetezo chotulutsa mopitirira muyeso, chitetezo chotulutsa chozungulira, chitetezo chotentha kwambiri ndi ntchito zina zoteteza.

Magawo ofunikira aukadaulo a ma inverter opanda gridi
Posankha inverter yopanda gridi, kupatula kusamala ndi mawonekedwe a mafunde otuluka ndi mtundu wa inverter wodzipatula, palinso magawo angapo aukadaulo omwe ndi ofunikira kwambiri, monga magetsi a dongosolo, mphamvu yotuluka, mphamvu yayikulu, magwiridwe antchito osinthira, nthawi yosinthira, ndi zina zotero. Kusankha magawo awa kumakhudza kwambiri kufunikira kwa magetsi a katundu.
1) Voltage ya dongosolo:
Ndi mphamvu yamagetsi ya batri. Mphamvu yamagetsi yolowera ya inverter ya off-grid ndi mphamvu yamagetsi yotuluka ya chowongolera ndi yofanana, kotero popanga ndikusankha chitsanzo, samalani kuti musunge mphamvu yamagetsi yofanana ndi chowongolera.
2) Mphamvu yotulutsa:
Mphamvu yotulutsa ya inverter yopanda gridi ili ndi mitundu iwiri, imodzi ndi mphamvu yowonekera, chipangizocho ndi VA, ichi ndi chizindikiro cha UPS, mphamvu yeniyeni yotulutsa iyeneranso kuchulukitsa mphamvu, monga 500VA off-grid inverter, mphamvu yamagetsi ndi 0.8, mphamvu yeniyeni yotulutsa ndi 400W, kutanthauza kuti, imatha kuyendetsa 400W resistive load, monga magetsi amagetsi, ma induction cooker, ndi zina zotero; yachiwiri ndi mphamvu yogwira ntchito, chipangizocho ndi W, monga 5000W off-grid inverter, mphamvu yeniyeni yogwira ntchito ndi 5000W.
3) Mphamvu yapamwamba:
Mu dongosolo la PV off-grid, ma module, mabatire, ma inverter, ndi katundu amapanga dongosolo lamagetsi, mphamvu yotulutsa ya inverter, imatsimikiziridwa ndi katundu, katundu wina woyambitsa, monga ma air conditioner, mapampu, ndi zina zotero, mota yomwe ili mkati, mphamvu yoyambira imakhala yowirikiza katatu mpaka kasanu kuposa mphamvu yovomelezedwa, kotero inverter yopanda grid ili ndi zofunikira zapadera kuti iwonjezere mphamvu. Mphamvu yapamwamba kwambiri ndi mphamvu yochulukirapo ya inverter yopanda grid.
Chosinthira magetsi chimapereka mphamvu yoyambira ku katundu, mbali ina kuchokera ku batri kapena PV module, ndipo chowonjezeracho chimaperekedwa ndi zigawo zosungira mphamvu mkati mwa chosinthira magetsi - ma capacitor ndi ma inductor. Ma capacitor ndi ma inductor onse ndi zigawo zosungira mphamvu, koma kusiyana kwake ndikuti ma capacitor amasunga mphamvu zamagetsi mu mawonekedwe a gawo lamagetsi, ndipo mphamvu ya capacitor ikakula, mphamvu yake imatha kusunga. Koma ma inductor, amasunga mphamvu mu mawonekedwe a gawo lamagetsi. Pamene maginito akulowa kwambiri pakati pa inductor, mphamvu ya inductance imakula, ndipo mphamvu zambiri zomwe zingasungidwe zimasungidwa.
4) Kugwira ntchito bwino kwa kusintha:
Kugwira ntchito bwino kwa makina osagwiritsa ntchito gridi kumaphatikizapo mbali ziwiri, chimodzi ndi kugwira ntchito bwino kwa makinawo, dera la inverter losagwiritsa ntchito gridi ndi lovuta, lomwe limatha kusinthidwa magawo ambiri, kotero kugwira ntchito bwino konsekonse kumakhala kotsika pang'ono kuposa inverter yolumikizidwa ndi gridi, nthawi zambiri pakati pa 80-90%, mphamvu ya makina osagwiritsa ntchito gridi imakhala yayikulu, kudzipatula kwa ma frequency ambiri kuposa kudzipatula kwa ma frequency kumakhala kokwera, komanso mphamvu yamagetsi yamakina imakhala yokwera kwambiri. Chachiwiri, kugwira ntchito bwino kwa batri ndi kutulutsa mphamvu, iyi ndi mtundu wa batri womwe uli ndi ubale, pamene kupanga mphamvu ya photovoltaic ndi kulumikizana kwa mphamvu ya katundu, photovoltaic imatha kupereka mwachindunji katundu woti igwiritse ntchito, popanda kufunikira kodutsa kusintha kwa batri.
5) Nthawi yosinthira:
Dongosolo la Off-grid lokhala ndi katundu, pali njira zitatu za PV, batire, utility, pamene mphamvu ya batri siili yokwanira, sinthani ku utility mode, pali nthawi yosinthira, ma inverter ena a Off-grid amagwiritsa ntchito switch yamagetsi, nthawi mkati mwa ma millisecond 10, makompyuta apakompyuta sadzazimitsa, kuwala sikudzazimitsa. Ma inverter ena a Off-grid amagwiritsa ntchito relay switch, nthawi ikhoza kukhala yoposa ma millisecond 20, ndipo kompyuta yapakompyuta ikhoza kuzimitsa kapena kuyambitsanso.