Mfundo yopangira mphamvu ya solar photovoltaic power generation ndi teknoloji yomwe imatembenuza mwachindunji mphamvu ya kuwala kukhala mphamvu yamagetsi pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya photovoltaic ya mawonekedwe a semiconductor. Mbali yofunika kwambiri ya teknolojiyi ndi selo la dzuwa. Maselo a dzuwa amapakidwa ndi kutetezedwa mndandanda kuti apange gawo lalikulu la cell solar cell ndikuphatikizana ndi wowongolera mphamvu kapena zina kuti apange chipangizo chopangira mphamvu ya photovoltaic. Njira yonseyi imatchedwa photovoltaic power generation system. Dongosolo lamphamvu la photovoltaic limapangidwa ndi ma cell a solar, mapaketi a batri, zowongolera ndi zotulutsa, ma solar photovoltaic inverters, mabokosi ophatikizira ndi zida zina.
Chifukwa chiyani mumagwiritsa ntchito inverter mu solar photovoltaic power generation system?
Inverter ndi chipangizo chomwe chimatembenuza magetsi olunjika kukhala alternating current. Ma cell a solar apanga mphamvu ya DC pakuwala kwa dzuwa, ndipo mphamvu ya DC yosungidwa mu batire ndi mphamvu ya DC. Komabe, dongosolo lamagetsi la DC lili ndi malire akulu. Katundu wa AC monga nyali za fulorosenti, ma TV, mafiriji, ndi mafani amagetsi m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku sangathe kuyendetsedwa ndi mphamvu ya DC. Kuti magetsi a photovoltaic agwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri m'moyo wathu watsiku ndi tsiku, ma inverter omwe amatha kusinthiratu magetsi amtundu wamagetsi ndi ofunika kwambiri.
Monga gawo lofunika kwambiri la mphamvu ya photovoltaic, inverter ya photovoltaic imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kutembenuza magetsi omwe amapangidwa ndi photovoltaic modules kukhala alternating current. Inverter sikuti imakhala ndi ntchito ya kutembenuka kwa DC-AC yokha, komanso imakhala ndi ntchito yowonjezera ntchito ya selo ya dzuwa ndi ntchito ya chitetezo cha machitidwe. Zotsatirazi ndizofotokozera mwachidule za ntchito zodziwikiratu ndi zotsekera za photovoltaic inverter ndi ntchito yaikulu yowunikira mphamvu.
1. Ntchito yolamulira yowunikira mphamvu kwambiri
Kutulutsa kwa module ya solar cell kumasiyanasiyana ndi mphamvu ya dzuwa ndi kutentha kwa module ya solar cell (kutentha kwa chip). Kuonjezera apo, popeza gawo la selo la dzuwa liri ndi khalidwe loti voteji imachepa pamene ikuwonjezeka, pali malo abwino ogwirira ntchito omwe mphamvu zambiri zingapezeke. Kuchuluka kwa ma radiation a dzuwa kukusintha, ndipo mwachiwonekere malo abwino ogwirira ntchito akusinthanso. Malingana ndi kusintha kumeneku, malo ogwiritsira ntchito ma modules a solar cell nthawi zonse amakhala pamtunda waukulu wa mphamvu, ndipo dongosololi nthawi zonse limalandira mphamvu zowonjezera mphamvu kuchokera ku module ya solar cell. Kuwongolera uku ndiko kuwongolera kwambiri kotsata mphamvu. Chofunikira chachikulu cha ma inverters a solar power system ndikuti amaphatikiza ntchito ya maximum power point tracking (MPPT).
2. Ntchito zodziwikiratu ndi kuyimitsa ntchito
Dzuwa litatuluka m'mawa, mphamvu ya dzuwa imakula pang'onopang'ono, ndipo kutuluka kwa selo la dzuwa kumawonjezeka. Pamene mphamvu yotulutsa yofunikira ndi inverter ikufika, inverter imayamba kuthamanga yokha. Pambuyo pogwira ntchito, inverter idzayang'anira kutuluka kwa module ya solar cell nthawi zonse. Malingana ngati mphamvu yotulutsa gawo la selo la dzuwa ndi lalikulu kuposa mphamvu yotulutsa yomwe imafunika kuti inverter igwire ntchito, inverter idzapitirizabe kuyenda; idzasiya kufikira kulowa kwa dzuwa, ngakhale kutakhala mitambo ndi mvula. Inverter imathanso kugwira ntchito. Pamene kutuluka kwa gawo la selo la dzuwa kumakhala kochepa ndipo kutulutsa kwa inverter kuli pafupi ndi 0, inverter idzapanga dziko loyimilira.
Kuphatikiza pa ntchito ziwiri zomwe zafotokozedwa pamwambapa, inverter ya photovoltaic ilinso ndi ntchito yoletsa ntchito yodziyimira payokha (ya makina olumikizidwa ndi gridi), ntchito yosinthira magetsi (yamagetsi olumikizidwa ndi gridi), ntchito yodziwikiratu ya DC (yamagetsi olumikizidwa ndi gridi), ndi ntchito yowunikira ya DC (ya makina olumikizidwa ndi gridi) ndi ntchito zina. Mu dongosolo la mphamvu ya dzuwa, mphamvu ya inverter ndi chinthu chofunikira chomwe chimatsimikizira mphamvu ya selo ya dzuwa ndi mphamvu ya batri.
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-01-2023
