Msika Wamphamvu Wopanga Mphamvu ya Solar Photovoltaic Padziko Lonse ndi ku China: Kukula, Malo Opikisana, ndi Chiyembekezo

Kupanga mphamvu ya dzuwa yotchedwa photovoltaic (PV) ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya dzuwa kuti isinthe mphamvu ya kuwala kukhala magetsi. Imachokera ku mphamvu ya photovoltaic, pogwiritsa ntchito maselo a photovoltaic kapena ma module a photovoltaic kuti asinthe kuwala kukhala mphamvu yachindunji (DC), yomwe kenako imasinthidwa kukhala mphamvu yachindunji (AC) ndi inverter ndikuperekedwa ku makina amagetsi kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito popereka mphamvu yachindunji.

Pakati pawo, maselo a photovoltaic ndi gawo lalikulu la mphamvu ya solar photovoltaic ndipo nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi zinthu za semiconductor (monga silicon). Pamene kuwala kwa dzuwa kukagunda selo ya PV, mphamvu ya photon imakopa ma elekitironi mu zinthu za semiconductor, ndikupanga mphamvu yamagetsi. Mphamvu iyi imadutsa mu dera lolumikizidwa ndi selo ya PV ndipo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mphamvu kapena malo osungira.
Pakadali pano chifukwa mtengo wa ukadaulo wa solar photovoltaic ukupitirira kutsika, makamaka mtengo wa ma module a photovoltaic. Izi zachepetsa ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga magetsi a dzuwa, zomwe zapangitsa kuti mphamvu ya dzuwa ikhale njira yopikisana kwambiri.
Mayiko ndi madera ambiri akhazikitsa njira ndi zolinga zolimbikitsira chitukuko cha magetsi a dzuwa. Njira monga miyezo ya mphamvu zongowonjezekeredwanso, mapulogalamu othandizira, ndi zolimbikitsira misonkho zikuyendetsa kukula kwa msika wa magetsi a dzuwa.
China ndi msika waukulu kwambiri wa ma PV a dzuwa padziko lonse lapansi ndipo ili ndi mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri ya ma PV padziko lonse lapansi. Atsogoleri ena pamsika ndi US, India, ndi mayiko aku Europe.

Msika wa ma PV a dzuwa ukuyembekezeka kupitiliza kukula mtsogolo. Ndi kuchepetsa ndalama, kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo komanso kulimbitsa chithandizo cha mfundo, ma PV a dzuwa adzachita gawo lofunika kwambiri pakupereka mphamvu padziko lonse lapansi.
Kuphatikiza kwa ma PV a dzuwa ndi ukadaulo wosungira mphamvu, ma gridi anzeru ndi mitundu ina ya mphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso kudzapereka mayankho ophatikizika kwambiri kuti pakhale tsogolo la mphamvu zokhazikika.