Kodi mapampu amadzi opangidwa ndi dzuwa amagwira ntchito bwanji?

Mapampu amadzi a dzuwaakutchuka kwambiri ngati njira yokhazikika komanso yotsika mtengo yoperekera madzi oyera kumadera ndi m'mafamu. Koma kodi mapampu amadzi opangidwa ndi dzuwa amagwira ntchito bwanji?

Mapampu amadzi a dzuwa amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya dzuwa popopera madzi kuchokera pansi pa nthaka kapena m'malo osungira madzi kupita pamwamba. Amapangidwa ndi zigawo zitatu zazikulu: mapanelo a dzuwa, mapampu ndi zowongolera. Tiyeni tiwone bwino gawo lililonse ndi momwe limagwirira ntchito limodzi kuti lipereke madzi odalirika.

Chinthu chofunika kwambiri pa makina opopera madzi a dzuwa ndigulu la dzuwaMapanelo amapangidwa ndi ma cell a photovoltaic omwe amasintha kuwala kwa dzuwa kukhala magetsi mwachindunji. Dzuwa likagunda pa solar panel, ma cell a photovoltaic amapanga direct current (DC), yomwe imatumizidwa kwa wolamulira, yemwe amawongolera kuyenda kwa magetsi kupita ku pampu.

Mapampu kwenikweni ndi omwe amachititsa kuti madzi asunthidwe kuchokera ku gwero kupita komwe akufunika. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mapampu omwe amapezeka pamakina opopera madzi a dzuwa, kuphatikizapo mapampu ozungulira ndi mapampu olowa pansi. Mapampu awa adapangidwa kuti akhale ogwira ntchito bwino komanso olimba, zomwe zimawalola kuti apitirize kugwira ntchito ngakhale m'malo akutali kapena ovuta.

Pomaliza, chowongolera chimagwira ntchito ngati ubongo wa ntchitoyo. Chimaonetsetsa kuti pampu imagwira ntchito pokhapokha ngati pali kuwala kokwanira kwa dzuwa kuti igwire bwino ntchito, komanso chimateteza pampuyo ku kuwonongeka komwe kungachitike chifukwa cha kupanikizika kwambiri kapena mphamvu yamagetsi yochulukirapo. Zowongolera zina zimaphatikizaponso zinthu monga kuyang'anira kutali ndi kulemba deta, zomwe zimathandiza ogwiritsa ntchito kutsatira momwe makinawo akuyendera ndikupanga kusintha kulikonse kofunikira.

Ndiye, kodi zinthu zonsezi zimagwirira ntchito limodzi bwanji popopera madzi pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya dzuwa? Njirayi imayamba ndi ma solar panels omwe amayamwa kuwala kwa dzuwa ndikusandutsa magetsi. Mphamvu imeneyi imatumizidwa kwa wolamulira, yemwe amatsimikiza ngati pali mphamvu yokwanira yoyendetsera pampu. Ngati zinthu zili bwino, wolamulirayo amayatsa pampu, yomwe kenako imayamba kutulutsa madzi kuchokera ku gwero ndikutumiza komwe ikupita, kaya ndi thanki yosungiramo zinthu, makina othirira kapena malo odyetsera ziweto. Malinga ngati pali kuwala kokwanira kwa dzuwa koti pampu igwire ntchito, ipitiliza kugwira ntchito, kupereka madzi nthawi zonse popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta achikhalidwe kapena magetsi a gridi.

Pali ubwino wambiri wogwiritsa ntchito makina opopera madzi a dzuwa. Choyamba, ndi abwino kwa chilengedwe chifukwa sapanga mpweya woipa ndipo amadalira mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi otsika mtengo chifukwa amatha kuchepetsa kapena kuchotsa ndalama zamagetsi ndi mafuta. Mapampu amadzi a dzuwa amafunikanso kusamalidwa pang'ono ndipo amakhala ndi moyo wautali, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti akhale njira yodalirika komanso yokhazikika yopezera madzi m'malo akutali kapena kunja kwa gridi.

Mwachidule, mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya pampu yamadzi ya dzuwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya dzuwa popopera madzi kuchokera pansi pa nthaka kapena m'malo osungira madzi kupita pamwamba. Pogwiritsa ntchito mapanelo a dzuwa, mapampu ndi zowongolera, machitidwe awa amapereka njira yoyera, yodalirika komanso yotsika mtengo yopezera madzi komwe akufunikira. Pamene ukadaulo ukupitilira kupita patsogolo, mapampu amadzi a dzuwa adzachita gawo lofunika kwambiri popereka madzi oyera kwa anthu ammudzi ndi ulimi padziko lonse lapansi.